Wednesday, April 3, 2013

Silver maple buds exploded (well, sort of)


What: This is a follow up post to one last Friday, where I've been tracking the developments of the silver maple buds outside my window.

Ecological notes: The weather has cooled off a bit and things are reluctantly marching their way indelibly towards spring. I want to give it a big push!

Taken last week
Where: My backyard

Other notes: The silver maple has been dubbed one of the wonders of the modern world of Latham Ct. While working the other day I spotted an awesome abundance of birds.

Monday, April 1, 2013

The Three Hares (April 2013)


What: Quite a few things have changed in the woods since last month (see list below), but don't show up so much in the video. And it's been a year since I started posting (141 posts so far). Last March was significantly different than this year, with that crazy 80 degree weather that gave us a head start on everything. This time last year most of the shrubs had tiny leaves on them and my yard was carpeted with Scilla (see archived posts from last March here).


Phenology notes from this previous month: 
  • Winooski River is navigable again
  • Great Blue Herons back
  • First amphibian movement of year
  • Killdeer and lots of ducks in water
  • Beaver (retention) pond burst, ice broke after pond drained
  • Scilla (or Siberian squill) is coming up
  • Daylilies and hasta coming up
  • Scarlet cup fungus fruited
  • Flying insects (blow flies on coyote carcass)
  • Dawn chorus is starting (robins first to sing at around 6am followed by cardinals)
  • Geese flying over head en masse
  • Ravens with nesting material, chickadees investigating nest box, woodpeckers drumming
  • Buds swelling on maples, flower buds about to open
  • Ground thawed (no earthworms yet though)
  • Maple sap is buddy
Other notes: Also, in the biggest news in 20 years, Jurassic Park is being released again - in 3D!!

Friday, March 29, 2013

Silver maple buds exploding


What: Spring is definitely here. The energy of the land has shifted and there's a buzz all around that is singing "Life!" One unfortunate change is that the sap has started to go "buddy" - it has a bitter and unpleasant taste to it. This occurs when the buds swell. Right now, the buds on the silver maple outside my window are completely swollen (all that sap that's been flowing has to go somewhere), and they're about to burst. I'll be tracking this little twig over the coming weeks as it leafs out. You can track leaf burst dates with Project Bud Burst.

Wednesday, March 27, 2013

Discovering sap

Sapcicle on a broken boxelder twig
What: There are lots and lots of stories concerning the origins of sugaring. The stories have grown over many generations and may or may not resemble the original tellings of the story. As was pointed out to me by Judy Dow, basketmaker and member of Oyate, an organization that protects and preserves indigenous stories and culture, many of the stories white people tell about Indians sugaring have been bastardized, distorted, misappropriated, and anglicized. In their new forms, they now tell the stories of colonialization. They may not even reflect how sugaring was discovered in the first place or adequately/accurately portray the culture from which the story may have originated.


Websites for sugaring operations are quick to root the practice in indigenous folklore (whether it be the Abenaki story of Gluskape diluting sugar, the Haudenosaunee story of the chief sticking his hatchet in a tree, or another story of red squirrels chewing branches). I tend to be skeptical of the credibility of websites that generalize these stories and say things like, "The Indians made maple syrup. They would take a hatchet and cut a gash in the tree and insert a wooden or bark shim. The sap poured off into pots. The trees were bigger back then, and must have had plenty of sap. The Indians concentrated the sap by dropping hot rocks into the pot to boil off some of the water." Adding to my mistrust of these sources is that I'm always skeptical until I try something myself to prove (or disprove) it or observe it myself (like watching a red squirrel "tap" a sugar maple at Rock Point and come back later to eat the icicles and lick the wound sites).

Like most things, I'm sure there are elements of truth in all of the stories we've inherited about maple sugaring. My own sugaring origin story, if I didn't already know about sugaring might have begun last week when I started seeing all these rotting white pines laying on the forest floor in Centennial Woods. My attention was drawn to the down slope side, where almost all the stumps had icicles oozing out. The icicles were all a beautiful amber color with these dark hair-like strands curling up on the bottom. I tasted a few and they had an almost coffee-like flavor. They were okay, but not great. On my way back home, I spotted a boxelder that had been crushed by a careless UVM facilities truck, leaving many branches broken (see image at top). At the wound sites, icicles hung down. Each icicle had the sweetest droplet of sugar water beaded up at the tips.

I paddled the Winooski River with Brian on Saturday and at one point we paddled under a silver maple tree yawning over the gentle river. From some past flood event a few of the lowest branches had been broken off. The sap had been oozing out of the broken twigs and in the cold had formed icicles. Brian and I enjoyed sucking the sweet icicles off the branches. With such a sweet surprise, I'm sure any curious mind would have wondered what other trees would ooze a sweet sap and how could they harvest more of it. I'd start breaking branches, bending them over to collect in little containers. I don't know that I would rock boil them, but I'd drink nothing but sap water for the first month or two of spring when it was flowing in the maple genus. I'll bet harvesting sap from twigcicles would have come before "tapping" the trees, or harvesting in some other way from the bole, or trunk, of the tree.

Where: Broken branches everywhere

Other notes: Maples are still the only species to be flowing so far.

Sunday, March 24, 2013

Warm water and drainages

Green frog tadpole in pool at base of outflow pipe
What: Last fall the DOT put in a culvert running under I-89 about a quarter mile north of the Patchen Road bridge. They put a bunch of monkton quartzite boulders down to control flow below the culvert. The culvert is actually two pipes, one of which has a significantly slower flow. I was absent mindedly staring into the water watching detritus float whimsically downstream when a flash of movement caught my attention. It took a while for it to move again and when it did I was really surprised at spotting a tadpole!


Ecological notes: Green frogs, bullfrogs, and mink frogs (mink frogs are only found in the northeast kingdom) all have tadpoles that will overwinter. These little guys are green frog tadpoles. There were also some unknown (at least to me) species of fish. One that I was watching had its head pointed straight down into the muck (for more on what that muck was, you can visit one of my favorite websites).

Where: I-89 & Patchen Rd in South Burlington

Unknown fish species enjoying the relatively warm water (probably ~50 degrees) 
Other notes: Ground water temperature is roughly the same as the average annual temperature of that area. Here in Burlington it's roughly 45oF. So if you're a fish and the air is 27, it makes a lot of sense to huddle at springs and culverts where ground water meets the surface.